Laboratory plan

First, laboratory planning concepts: 1, 2 rational use of laboratory space, humane working environment to meet the requirements of 3, to meet workplace safety requirements Second, the basic requirements of laboratory furniture layout: 1, Single single workspace: aisle spacing of 4 feet, approximately 1200mm; Zhiwu height of 5 feet, approximately 1500mm; operating clearance is 2.5 feet, about 750mm. 2, double-sided workspace: aisle spacing is 5 feet, approximately 1500mm; Zhiwu height of 5 feet, approximately 1500mm; operating clearance is 2.5 feet, about 750mm. 3, safety equipment and laboratory bench aisle spacing of 6 feet, about 1800mm. 4, aisle safety devices pitch of ≥6 feet, approximately 1800mm. Third, laboratory space environment basic requirements: 1, laboratory lighting: general, physical and chemical laboratories should head southeast to facilitate lighting; instrument room should head northwest to facilitate constant temperature and humidity control. 2, laboratory ventilation: a reasonable amount of makeup air ventilation rate and the accuracy of the experimental data of health and laboratory staff is very important. 3, laboratory hydropower: Hydropower laboratory reasonable layout system is an important basis for the laboratory planning and design. 4, laboratory corridors and doors of size requirements: width of the corridor should ≥5 feet, approximately 1500mm, frame size (width * height): 3 feet by 7 feet, about 900mm * 2000mm. Fourth, laboratory instruments and equipment to the basic requirements: 1. Safety: Laboratory equipment should be considered with the appropriate security design, can effectively prevent produce responsibility for the accident; use as countertops, cabinet material selection, selection of hardware accessories and so on. 2, humane: a reasonable combination of laboratory equipment configuration and space optimization is a basic factor in achieving humane. 3. Applicability: suppliers of products for laboratory experiments need to be the most realistic elements. 4. Predictability: Modern laboratory is constantly developing and changing, customers did not want to think, so customers of outstanding issues is one of the qualities of professional laboratory equipment manufacturer should be. V. FAQ laboratory building 1, floor live load design issues comprehensive laboratory floor live load design and generally 400kg / m2, this load standard for an ordinary physics laboratory, chemical laboratory, electrical safety performance laboratory still satisfied. Due to limited space the underlying general laboratory building, a number of heavy equipment such as large tonnage universal testing machine, large environmental test box, refrigeration units and other overweight, oversized, high test equipment must be placed at the bottom, some of the larger secondary weight or dimensions equipment upstairs. These devices are generally weight in 600 ~ 1000kg, folded into a live load per unit area of ??500 ~ 1000kg / m2, far exceeding the design load floor safe boundaries. How to solve this problem? First, at the beginning of the laboratory construction development vision should foresee this problem, hplc design data between each floor should live load at 800 ~ 900kg / m2 of floor and 600 ~ 700kg / m2 of primary and secondary beams. If not previously foreseen, the transformation in the laboratory should take remedial measures to improve floor load capacity, such as in the floor surface paved with fine stone concrete reinforcing mesh (must be thorough internal load-bearing walls), can greatly improve and spread the load bearing capacity, this method can be generally improve the bearing capacity 200 ~ 300kg / m2, the device can also be placed below the floor of the single-beam, and the beam end as close as possible. Erection of steel beams in the floor, the equipment placed on steel beams, steel beams will be governed by force to the load-bearing walls, also can carry heavy equipment, but this method is equivalent to raising the floor, reducing the space, not convenient nor attractive, with a last resort. There will be drilled through the floor, installing single-beam, can improve the bearing capacity of 500kg / m2 or more, this approach too stupid and too much trouble, it can be used only as a last resort. 2, the traffic problem analysis test equipment up the stairs or elevator generally use the stairs transport transportation. Consider the stairs as transport equipment ladder is not less than 1.8 meters wide, the platform should not be less than 1.6 meters live load of not less than 400kg / m2, clearance of not less than 3 meters, otherwise some very difficult upstairs with packaging equipment. If transportation elevators, elevators should not be less than one ton truck, the door width of not less than 1.1 m, door height of not less than 2.1 m, depth of not less than 2 meters, this width height length generally heavier equipment can be transported by elevator. As for equipment unloading problem, simply building the mouth (such as awning single beam) design a lug (Ming-style or concealed), hanging convenient hanging trained can easily unload cargo. Laboratory conditions should design a passenger elevator, a discharge elevator. There are also some special cases, such as the elevator hoisting machine between small and heavy sometimes use these two methods can not transport, can be multi-stage cantilever truck crane to the roof when the floor is less than six, and then managed to get into the elevator , such as when a higher floor, should also consider transportation issues elevator hoisting machine design. 3, the inner door issues need to re-enter the laboratory door height width length devices, we can foresee in advance, according to the actual size of the design, not foreseen should adopt door 1.3 meters wide, 2.1 meters tall doors modulus for ease of a neat, HPLC analysis of the best selection of 2.7 meters with a bright window in the door, once the device is still 2.1 meters in height entrance, you can take the lintel first saw on the way down again, so that the general level of the big door equipment can reach 2.6 m. Of course, some of the equipment can also be disintegrated, of much smaller. 4, power line problem laboratory power circuit design in general there is a big distance and the actual use can be foreseen in advance of electricity, such as constant temperature and humidity, use a large load current or power of the device according to the actual situation of design and go line. Failure to anticipate such changes put constant temperature and humidity room units, etc. must be separate line. Air-conditioning installation existing laboratories can not compete with the lighting power lines, dedicated lines must separate air conditioning. Laboratory work should be installed with a 220-volt power distribution box and 380-volt wall than the decentralized design safe and easy construction. In addition, laboratory electrical grounding protection is a very important issue, to use multiple ground protection measures, not to take a zero instead of the ground. 5, vibration and noise vibration and noise assessment of the experiment must be recognized environmental conditions. Professional laboratory construction generally must stay away from noise and vibration factories, it is best not to street construction, because the underlying passing trucks would laboratory building frontage on the street to bring a strong shock. Laboratory ambient noise requirements are not greater than 70dB, laboratory and some special requirements, such as household appliances, laboratory testing of noise, the background noise are not greater than 40dB, and the smaller the better, but the room facing the street noise will increase 20 ~ 30dB difficult to achieve the environmental noise requirements, design and use of the room should take full account of the provisions of this. 6, ventilation problems some laboratories produce harmful gases, such as chemical, rubber, waterproof material laboratory often, you must set the hood. Usually easy to produce harmful toxic gases laboratory should be located on the top floor of the experiment, the hood should be designed with a fan, induced draft fan placed higher than the hood of location, preferably provided on the roof, located on the hood of the other layers can 2-3 connected to each other, sharing a common suction fan duct and a large flow. There are no harmful gases sealed rooms, such as a dark room, pool room thermostat, also need regular ventilation, ventilation of these places can be based on different specifications of the size of the space suction fan. 7, basement problems basement room temperature and humidity are building the best place, but also to store chemicals, food preservation, chemical sample the best place. Located in the basement room whose temperature and humidity constant temperature and humidity fluctuations minimum daily energy consumption lowest cost, you can take advantage of a good basement. Requiring more constant temperature and humidity room laboratory, the design is completely cost-effective choice for the basement. There are laboratory fire, water, theft, but also easy to overlook the weak link in the design and construction of these at the laboratory should take into account. More than a few to explore the issue, although considered to be a side issue, but also a number of technical issues can not be ignored. We hope the lab construction, the construction units, design units, construction units and equipment production and research and development unit, must take into account these problems, reduce the actual use and can not be remedied before taking remedial troubles. Six, eight points lab design and construction need to be considered as a laboratory shall put forward in the early planning and design your own design requirements, before the construction of the main laboratory consider specific issues the following eight aspects of cooperation with the relevant units After the discussions to determine the design of local details. 1, the laboratory need to purify and purge former grade laboratory building should Zui according 枟 Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories Biosafety general guidelines, GB19489 -2008 枟 Laboratory Biosafety General Requirements Zui, 枟 pathogenic microbiology laboratory bio-safety regulations (State Council Decree No. 424) Zui biosafety assessment to determine whether the laboratory needs purification and purification levels [2-4]. The assessment concluded that the automated laboratory chamber level of protection should not be less than BSL-2 level Experimental requirements, the actual design of laboratory indicators in full compliance with BSL-2 laboratory requirements, including a clear identity, separate dressing room, an independent Treasury, It equipped with eyewash Autoclaves and emergency tools. Also still in the design of the reference section requires BSL-3 laboratory construction [5]. Floor height of not less than 2. 6 m, the laboratory passage clear width of not less than 1. 5 m, the gate width of not less than 1 m, while the height and width of the door should be convenient for the laboratory instrument transport, after the completion of some indicators laboratory access control systems, ventilation frequency, temperature and humidity control, etc. to meet the BSL-3 level Experimental level . 2, laboratory area and equipment placed anterior problem laboratory construction equipment placement should be identified, planning instrument power and water supply and drainage connection position according to the flow of the laboratory work. Determine the area required area based on the number and placement instruments, laboratory split effective use of space. Instruments placed in convenient work should also consider floor loading problems and provide weight data from the instrument equipment manufacturers, consulting structural engineer construction side. The room equipment procurement tenders have been completed before the laboratory design and construction, design precision placement of each instrument accurately, out of the ground power cable, network cable, to drain very short, safe and beautiful space-saving. 3, electrical design lab to lab is equipped with high-power uninterruptible power supply is recommended to provide protection for all laboratory equipment, power protection separately for each device, easy to maintain and a waste of space. According to laboratory equipment, determine the uninterruptible power supply power and current parameters, you should pay attention to the choice of an uninterruptible power supply should allow sufficient space for the laboratory development, the proposed load power should be more than twice the total power of existing instruments. Electric plug in the wall can be designed according to the needs or the ground, the ground electric plug should be a certain degree of water, electric power plug should be close to the instrument, reduce ground traces make laboratory neater. Because uninterruptible power supply cooling, noisy, when laboratory planning set up an independent power supply at the rear of the room and install special air conditioning in the room. 4, water supply and drainage design laboratory equipment needed to operate at full capacity all based on pure water and determine the appropriate level of water equipment, selected equipment water treatment capacity should be reserved enough space. The room design will be the noisiest pump (providing the gas pressure for the automated assembly line) and water treatment laboratory instruments placed in the center rear independent water room, water meter pipeline leak have direct access to the laboratory drainage systems, and in the engine room within the setting of the suction pump, facilitate the processing of a certain degree of leakage. In addition, laboratory instruments are still set on the axis of two underground grooves to drain the road all laid in the ground. 5, laboratory illumination and noise control design according to Yun biosafety laboratory building technical specification requirements for BSL-2 laboratory Zui illumination of not less than 300 lux, the noise does not exceed 68 dB [6]. Former laboratory renovation, the construction side illumination requirements proposed laboratory, carried out after the completion of the illumination detection, about 285 ~ 319 lux, the core work of the illuminance room area of ??about 375 ~ 384 lux, in line with BSL-2 _ standard laboratory is located. Hydropower and other measures taken after an independent laboratory ambient noise significantly reduced, especially in the relatively independent determination of the core work area decibels ordinary clinic basically the same. 6, laboratory temperature, humidity reference for use within statistical automated laboratory temperature and humidity requirements for each device, such as no special equipment, clinical laboratory testing equipment requires temperature is generally 18 ~ 30 ℃, humidity 20% to 80%, the purification experiments room air conditioning system is fully capable to meet the requirements, the temperature can be controlled in automated laboratory (24 ± 2) ℃, humidity of 30% to 45%. 7, should be reserved for internal communication problem laboratory interfaces sufficient telephone interface, LAN interface, need to have Internet access when necessary. Automated assembly complex network connection, before installing the engineer should be carefully discussed with the manufacturers to determine the exact location of the network interface, the installation is complete carding connect the network cable, maintaining laboratory clean and beautiful. 8, preparatory work is completed laboratory automation laboratory to establish a systematic project, in addition to hardware construction, the laboratory should be completed before installing the pipeline-related preparatory work, such as application and perfection LIS, LIS and hospital information systems (hospital information two-way transmission system, HIS) connection, barcode printing paste standardization, instruments, personnel training. The group describes the automation of laboratory planning some experience from the user's point of view, the chamber design for colleagues to reference, should be determined after the program actively explore with professionals, so laboratory parameters to meet the design requirements.