Nanning school air to water heaters, solar water heaters, hotel, central hot water system

Abstract: The work process flat-plate collector is coated on the surface of the sun's heat-absorbing plate absorber plate solar radiation energy absorbed through the glass cover temperature exposure. It has some bearing capacity, good compatibility with water, good thermal performance, the absorber plate to absorb solar radiation into heat after quickly transferred to the water. Source: Solar Alliance Network currently, China's solar industry has been "flourishing" to flourish, including "flat solar" in the system design, manufacture and installation in the domestic leading position, which has combined the advantages of integration and building construction, used in energy-efficient buildings and retrofitting of existing buildings, popular to users, the industry admiration. But the solar water heater industry to further develop, in conjunction with the fundamental way that building. Solar water heaters can not at this stage been widely used in urban and rural residential, hotels, restaurants, construction projects, mainly due to technical problems of its products itself. For better integration of solar water heaters and building, we must solve the shortage of its own. Flat plate solar water heaters in this area for a long exploration, made some successful experience. For flat solar Situation and Development. Currently, the world's developed countries in the heating engineering applications accounted for 90% of the solar collector flat solar collector, and in our application to flat panel solar only about 20 percent, but also has great room for development. To promote the development of flat panel solar, general manager Yang Shan Kau Yang Industrial Co., Ltd., said: "These years have been committed to technological innovation, has been in the building structure type solar panels, double-loop solar water-heating the aqueous medium, the new dual-energy hot water system means a two-way check valve, dual energy water heaters villa, integrated electric storage tank, a plurality of rows parallel pipeline flow distribution valve limiting patented technology, solar hot water pipe fittings and other products on eight. "A few years ago, Development of solar energy is lagging behind the plate, with a variety of reasons, including technical difficulties flat plate solar collectors encountered in the application. It should be said that flat plate solar collectors compared to other solar collector products, with the overall good, long life, less failure, security risks, costs and low cost, but in the winter frost problems are difficult to solve. While this program has been used antifreeze heat transfer medium developed countries in the world to solve the problem, but it uses a lot of antifreeze higher spending, but not in line with China's national conditions. So how do we come from technology to solve this problem? Nine positive company has taken the reverse thinking, that instead of using antifreeze "poured" to "holding", but take the "empty" technology to "freeze." Yang Shan from 1994 began to study this technology and made numerous tests, to 2000, and finally the use of technology to solve the shortcomings emptying antifreeze flat solar collector system can not be used in winter, and reach the hundreds of engineering applications a very good effect. Advantages of flat-weather solar hot water system 1. Large water production. Existing vacuum tube solar water heaters are mainly two systems and flat products, the long-term test results show that the total annual water yield flat-weather than vacuum tube solar water heater system prolific 10 to 20% water. 2. provide hot water around the clock. The use of solar energy and conventional energy perfect combination to provide users with 24-hour hot water in all weather conditions. In addition, since the focus on the supply of hot water, thus avoiding the limitations of household water heater is installed to make it more energy and cost savings. 3. Automatic running unattended. High intelligent computer control technology, water level, water temperature, energy conversion functions completely automated, no special duty, and enables remote monitoring, allowing users more convenient and secure. Emptying antifreeze using technology, solve the problem of various low temperature freezing equipment and systems, so that the phenomenon does not occur freeze damage. Using solar energy and conventional energy technologies are run independently, to achieve the highest priority, the most comprehensive use of solar energy, the least desirable use of conventional energy sources, and thus achieve the maximum energy-saving operation. Nine Yang patented "flat-weather solar hot water system," undoubtedly the advent of better integration of solar energy and building paved the way. Flat panel solar water heating systems and building integrated several issues 1. collectors placed and footprint: flat-plate collector plate product veneer of 2 meters, weight 42 kg, water capacity of 2.4 kg. The total area of ??each plate of 3.8 meters. 2. The collector plate and roof connection mode: For flattened buildings may be considered as the metal (angle) concrete beam support bracket or collector panels; building on top of the hill, you should consider two cases: the roof slope of approximately 42 degrees or two who have a greater difference, the latter shall also design special brackets for building the body should be devised preset coupling structure. 3. The heat storage tank: Whether horizontal or horizontal rectangular tank round cans, should be sufficient because of its storage capacity, so have large volume and shape, must be considered sufficient load-bearing conditions and loading conditions of the installation, in order to necessary to ensure their safety and maintenance requirements. The electric water tank: its installation location should not fill the tank above the bottom, and the water tank insulation should have a closer location. 5. fill the water tank: the installation location is not higher than the bottom of the storage tank insulation, but it should be higher than electric tank. There is a certain volume (approximately 1 cubic meter), it should be appropriate loading conditions and antifreeze environment. 6. Pump: fill the water tank should be installed in the vicinity, and should take into account environmental requirements, guaranteed not to freeze damage, it is necessary to eliminate vibration noise. 7. line: that pass to each user's line, there should be in the building through the insulation of the storage tank to the holes for the bathroom. Combined with fixed flat-plate collector and the building (wind) minutes flat roof and pitched roof, it should be considered in building design, and should consider the impact on water-resistant construction. When considering the hot water tank placement, should also consider the user pipeline layout and hot water supply mode and guarantees users to use hot water (water temperature is not too low in charge of the line). After the collector plate systems and water storage equipment maintenance should be easy to install, it does not affect the appearance and overall structure of the building. In a related auxiliary equipment, accessories, materials, design and focus on quality choice in life should also take into account standardization and standard parts common issues. Introduction solar collector is a collector device name suggests, it can not be used alone, but may need to assemble into different combinations of collector area lighting system. Its main purpose is to collect heat, and then with the other devices for heat exchange. The collector is the main component of the collector, and its role is to absorb the solar radiation and the light-heat conversion, so as to achieve the purpose of heating. At present, there is a flat type, all-glass vacuum tube, three kinds of vacuum heat pipe solar collector, advantages and disadvantages of various solar collectors were used in different regions and different purposes, cost performance is also different. I produced the collectors there are three: all-glass vacuum tube solar collector, heat pipe solar collectors, metal heat pipe solar collectors, flat-plate collector. First, the all-glass vacuum tube solar collectors: Solar all-glass vacuum tube because good insulation properties, coating solar absorption ratio, emission widely used than the small, high efficiency heat, mainly by vacuum tubes, set the header, the tailstock , seals and other components, mainly single standpipe and non-shaped forms. But there are also disadvantages to be solved: The all-glass vacuum tube collector aperture box liner of the neck and the union is directly connected with the ring, resulting in the vacuum tube resistance to thermal shock performance is poor, if a broken vacuum tube, it would seriously leak, followed by hot water tubes within easy furring affect performance. Features: 1, all-glass vacuum tube solar collectors have a certain ability to antifreeze, suitable for use in winter temperatures of 0 ℃ to -20 ℃ areas. 2, not pressure, dry air drying can not use, or easy to crack the glass. 3, Size: There are many specifications to choose from, cloudless sunny 55 ℃ hot water capacity: 70-130kg / square meter. 4. High absorption rate: αs≥90%, low emissivity: εh≤8%, daily average thermal efficiency ηd≥50%. Second, the superconducting heat pipe solar collectors: heat pipe vacuum tube with its unique structural principle and performance vacuum tube water, vacuum tube rupture event, collector can be used as usual, the market has been recognized and accepted, However, after recent years of practical use, but also the emergence of new problems, since the proportion of the cooling surface of its tube and tube heat absorbing surface condensation head is 100: 1, so head high condensing temperature, if the temperature timely away the influence of the thermal efficiency, high temperature Furthermore especially easy to furring in the water and eventually decrease the thermal efficiency. Features: 1, vacuum heat pipe solar collectors have a strong antifreeze capability, suitable for use in winter temperature of 0 ℃ to -40 ℃ areas. 2, pressure, resistance to air drying, non-explosive pipe. 3, heat capacity of small, start fast, can be used to produce hot water, boiling water. 4, Size: There are many specifications to choose from, cloudless sunny 55 ℃ hot water capacity: 70-130kg / square meter. 5, high absorption rate: αs≥90%, low emissivity: εh≤8%, daily average thermal efficiency ηd≥50%. FORMAL split heat pipe collector has the following advantages: high thermal efficiency, annual use: advanced heat pipe heat transfer, excellent solar selective absorbing coating and high vacuum insulation state, the collector system's daily average thermal efficiency (even in Our northern winter) reaches more than 50%. Adoption of new technologies, strong pressure: TJ casing and sink welding fused product test pressure of 11kg / CM2, solve similar products scaling efficiency drops and low flow, unstable shortcomings. To overcome the current vacuum tube burst pipes, seals and metal heat pipe glass and metal sealing problems. Installation and maintenance: collector as a unit structure, easy handling and installation. When the root system of a vacuum tube in need of repair can be replaced without prejudice to the system operation. Frost, hail impact: High-performance heat pipe heat transfer of the system to operate normally under the temperature conditions of -30 degrees and has a diameter of 25mm or less resistance to hail impact. Suitable for engineering installation: Due to the shape of the tank split and collectors, making it more suitable for supporting and housing, especially more suitable for large-scale projects adopted, is also "; green"; "; energy"; residential area of ??choice for supporting products . Performance: sunshine intensity 850W / CM2, each square meter can produce 1750-1800 calories, the thermal efficiency of> 50%. Third, the flat plate collector: The structure of each collector plate is coated with a selective coating, collector plate is a heat conductive metal, the middle is the water sealing device, the system structure only run at temperatures above 0 ℃. Features: 1, flat-plate solar collector is a metal tube plate structure, high thermal efficiency, hot water production capacity, to pressure, resistance to air drying, water is heated in a copper tube, stable and reliable quality, maintenance-free, 15-year life. 2, no antifreeze capability, suitable for non-frozen regions such as southern Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan, and other areas do not freeze in winter use, cost-effective. 3, specifications: 1 × 2 meters, cloudless sunny 55 ℃ hot water production: 75-140kg / square meter. 4. High absorption rate: αs≥92%, low emissivity: εh≤10%, daily average thermal efficiency ηd≥55%. Flat plate solar collectors absorb solar radiation energy is a working fluid to the heat transfer device, which is a special heat exchanger, the collector of the working fluid with distant sun for heat exchange. Flat-plate solar collector solar collector is one type. By absorbing plate core, shell, transparent cover, insulation materials and related component parts. Plus access cycle in the pipeline, after the holding tank, it becomes able to absorb solar heat, so the temperature rises. 1, features: flat-plate solar collector structure is simple, reliable, low cost, low heat flux, namely the working fluid temperature is low, safe and reliable, compared with vacuum tube solar collector, which has pressure capability Strong, heat and other characteristics of the area, is one of the best combination of solar energy and architecture chosen one of the collector type (vacuum colder weather in the northern region means appropriate, Guangdong basic use of flat-plate collector). 2. Application: as enterprises and institutions, factories, schools, hotels, hospitals, community pool (including agencies and other collective units and families), it should be said: If students in the field of hot water temperature of less than 100 ℃, principles the flat-plate collector can be used as a heat source. Second, the flat-plate solar collector structure: the work process flat-plate collector is coated on the surface of the sun heat plate absorber plate solar radiation energy absorbed through the glass cover temperature exposure. ① Requirements: have some bearing capacity, good compatibility with water, good thermal performance, the absorber plate to absorb solar radiation into heat after quickly transferred to the water. Generally flat solar dimension in Guangdong Province used is 1 × 2 m (also directional design), lighting per square meter area can be 45-65 ℃ hot water capacity of about 100 kg. ② Cover: surface radiation heat transfer plates between the sun and the heat-absorbing panels need to have a transparent cover, so that it is greater than the loss of energy into the energy and increase temperature rise. Generally use high-strength heat-resistant transparent glass and ordinary plate glass. Cover floors by the use of regional weather conditions and temperature, are but dust, water point of view, generally still use a single cover. The distance between the cover and the absorber plate is generally about 2.5 cm. ③ Insulation: reduce heat collector to the surrounding environment, in order to improve the thermal efficiency of the collector. Commonly used insulation materials commonly used: wool, mineral wool, polystyrene, polyurethane, etc., the bottom insulation layer usually 3-5 cm thick, the thickness of the insulation layer around the bottom half. (Of course, flat solar hot water systems engineering, water tank insulation, pipe insulation materials are required to use, good insulation, to ensure that the heat is not easy to heat.) ④ absorber plate (the plate core): flat-plate solar collectors generally use aluminum composite material, and all copper, Guangdong region is mostly copper and aluminum composite solar panels. This collector plates are connected by aluminum composite heat absorbing fins and copper pipe from the collector, which is characterized in that the heat absorbing fins of aluminum sandwiched from both sides brass, by press rolling complex process to make aluminum the close bond between the copper and aluminum aluminum (basically achieve metallurgical bonding), the cross section shown in Figure 2: Pictured heat absorbing fins and intermediate working fluid passage in close contact thermal resistance of heat transfer, which has high The fin efficiency, in addition, the inner wall of this channel heat absorbing fins of copper, which has corrosion resistance, long life and other advantages. ⑤ Coating: in absorbing panel is coated with a selective or non-selective coating, the coating can cause heat panels absorb more solar radiation, but also reduce the absorber plate radiation heat loss to the environment. Coatings are especially important in heat, the current general use black chrome coating. ⑥ housing: general use of aluminum, steel, etc., to form a whole and to maintain a certain degree of stiffness and strength for easy installation. ⑦ Bracket: general use of hot galvanized, aluminum, stainless steel and other materials, finished products, welded to the steel scaffolding. 2, the flat plate solar collectors basic principle: flat plate solar collectors basic working principle is very simple. In a nutshell, exposure to the sun through the transparent cover surface coated with heat-absorbing body absorbing layer to absorb most of the solar radiation absorbed by the body, into heat, and transfer to the working fluid in the fluid passage. Thus, from the bottom inlet collector of cold working fluid, heated by solar energy in the fluid passage is, the temperature gradually increased, thermal mass heated, with useful heat exit from the upper end of the collector, the storage reservoir tank stand, is useful energy gains. At the same time, due to the heat-absorbing body temperature, loss of heat to the environment through the transparent cover and housing, constitute a variety of heat loss of flat plate solar collectors. This is the basic flat solar collector works. Third, the flat-plate solar hot water systems engineering applications: solar water heating system consists of collectors, thermal storage tank, circulation piping and auxiliary devices and other components. Collector solar hot water system, the key components, its performance directly affects the performance of the solar hot water system, but a reasonable choice and design of the system, to take full advantage of the collected solar energy collectors also play a decisive effect. Design system in general should consider the following factors: type collectors, heat load characteristics, lighting area, the size and the ratio of the volume of hot water storage tank, pipe size, site installation conditions, local pressure, the power supply situation, pipeline level and so on. Fourth, the development trend of solar energy: 1, solar value meaning: due to the strong development of conventional energy sources, environmental pollution caused by the growing world-wide. Many countries have recognized that solar energy as a renewable energy, in terms of human well-being and sustainable use of environmental resources will play a very big role. China is rich in solar energy resources, has promulgated the "Renewable Energy Law" from January 1, 2006, at the same time, the national "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" also 已把 the development of renewable resources as an important task, therefore Solar thermal has enormous potential application value in itself. 2, flat-plate solar applications in buildings: flat plate solar development today, technology has become increasingly mature. The world are trying to closely combine solar energy and construction, record demand aesthetic appearance, rational layout, management practices and building integrated solar design. Such as: National Solar water heaters use the most popular of the world - Israel, flat solar energy and building the perfect combination of design is one of more than 90% of market share. At the same time, proved more suitable climate Guangdong flat solar and building integrated with a perfect combination. In summary, the solar energy (especially flat type) with potential prospects, mankind will move toward the solar age! Flat-plate solar collectors Applications * High thermal efficiency, minimal maintenance, mainly for the south. * Factories, schools, hotels, hospitals, institutions, military units and other enterprises hot water. * Villa bathing and domestic hot water. * Industrial production sites with hot water and central heating.