E-Education Information

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The term traceability concept "information" (informationization) first appeared in the 1960s in Japan, some academic literature, then on the "information" is mainly elaborated the concept and definition from the industrial perspective. 1970s, Germany, EU and national and international organizations such as UNESCO has issued a series to promote the application of information technology planning and development in society, these programs regarded information infrastructure as an important part. September 1993, the Clinton administration the United States formally proposed construction of "national information infrastructure" (National Information Infrastructure, referred NII), commonly known as the "information superhighway" (Information Superhighway) plan, its core is the development of Internet as the core of the comprehensive information service system and promote the IT (Information Techno1ogy, abbreviated IT) is widely used in various areas of society. Under his lead, many developed and developing countries have issued a series of national information infrastructure construction plan, which led to a wave of global information technology. The concept of information technology education in the 1990s, along with the construction of the information superhighway and raised. In the United States the "information highway" program, especially the IT application in education as an important way to the implementation of education reform in the 21st century, the United States, a move that caused a positive reaction around the world, many governments have developed a promotion plan their IT application in education. China since the late 1990s began, with the rapid popularization of network technology, the relationship between the development of the whole society and information technology, more and more closely, there is growing concern about the impact of information technology on social development, "information society," the references began to appear, linked to educational reform and development, "educational information" it was also began. Now, all kinds of documents the government has officially use the "educational information" concept, and attaches great importance to the work of educational information. Basic characteristics of educational information both attribute "technical", but also with the "education" of the property. From the technical attributes of view, the basic characteristics of education information is digital, networked, intelligent and multi-media technology. Digital makes the device education information technology system is simple, reliable performance and uniform standard, the network so that information can be shared resources, less time and space activity restrictions, interpersonal cooperation is easy to achieve, so that the system can do the teaching of intelligent behavior humane, natural man-machine communication technology, complex task agent, multi-media channel media device enables integration of information characterizing diversified, complex phenomena virtualization. Attributes of the education, information technology in education is a basic characteristic of openness, sharing, interaction and collaboration. Open to break the school-centered education system, making education socialization, life-oriented, self-reliance; sharing of information essential feature is that it makes a lot of rich educational resources to be shared for all learners and take it endless, inexhaustible; interactive performance to achieve people - two-way communication between machines and people - distance learning interaction between people, and promote more teachers and students, students and students, among others to exchange; collaboration for educators to provide more people - people, people - machine opportunities for collaboration to complete the task. Teaching information technology to fundamentally change the traditional teaching mode, it has at least four characteristics: the transmission of information superiority. Modern economics, access to information is the only way to overcome human "ignorance". Information search takes consideration (ie transaction costs), wherein the communication costs accounts for a significant share. Traditional teaching methods with fully interfacing "master train an apprentice" type, spend a lot of manpower and resources, but also a waste of social resources. Network teaching speed messaging features, undoubtedly a significant reduction in information transmission costs society as a whole. Information quality advantage. With the implementation of "distance learning" project, students can share excellent educational resources and high-quality teaching information. It is undeniable that, as knowledge transfer by teachers, varying levels, the quality of information the recipient will get a great difference. Distance Learning from the best teachers courseware, can effectively guarantee the quality of the information transmitted. Information cost advantage. Including equal rights, including access to education is one of the target value of the common pursuit of mankind. However, the reality of people's economic environment and differences in economic conditions, governmental or non-governmental organizations and individuals on how efforts, there are still a considerable number of adolescents and adults Difficult "university dream" or "continuing education dream." Distance Education Students can use the online e-learning platform to learn or at home, in accordance with relevant professional teaching arrangements, according to their own learning characteristics and working and living environment, a "lesson not to the Church," the self-learning. Low cost operating costs of distance education, education has brought new changes in the market, greatly increased to meet more students, especially poor students, and the opportunity to earn a living and not due to the people to realize their dreams of leisure. Exchange of information superiority. Modern teaching methods in order to change the traditional way of teaching teachers based way, a student-centered, teacher-led double main teaching methods. Educational information using information technology to change the traditional teaching model, the implementation of interactive teaching, students can demand at any time through the online learning platform and downloaded online teaching resources, the use of online interactive features with teachers or other students communicate via two-way video and other systems to share outstanding Teachers in remote teaching and counseling, make full use of the advantages of the network interactive learning activities. Thus, each student will be able to freely creativity and imagination, and then grow to have the ability to explore innovative new talent. Information technology education is the essential attribute of nature to share educational information and knowledge "and" information-based nature of school education is the use of modern information technology and modern educational theory to build the school into a full information to facilitate learner access to information and cultivating innovative talents environment "and other point of view. In fact, what the answer is the essence of educational information before. Three basic concepts of educational information must first be clear, the nature and the nature of the information. preceding information technology in education has been discussed concept. As essence, from a philosophical point of view, the essence is the fundamental nature of things, is the appearance of things exhibited inherent stipulation things; and "information technology is to realize the nature of information and knowledge sharing." Second, it should be through individual. , concrete, changeable, perishable, people's senses can directly perceive the external appearance of educational information to grasp the deep behind the phenomenon of information on education in general, common and relatively stable through the inner thinking prescriptive. Third, the nature of the representation of educational information should have concise and highly general. the concept of otherwise defined, such as the nature of education, education, information technology, information technology nature, education, information technology and other concepts can direct quote above points, we believe that education is the essence of information technology "Information Education" this statement is mainly based on four: First, investigate the nature of information technology in education, in fact, to answer "education information What is "such a problem according to this paper, the definition of information technology in education, information technology education is in fact quoted in its education received" a number of fundamental concepts underlying "otherwise defined its presentation more concise, but also more general The basic purpose of education information purposes can be summarized in four aspects: First, the promotion of information technology is widely used in the fields of education, the second is to promote the reform and development of education and the third is to train innovative talents required information society, fourth is to promote modernization of education in the field of education extensive application of information technology, development of educational resources, optimize the educational process and improving the quality and efficiency of education, information technology in education raw power, but also to promote the reform and development of education, innovation and personnel training to adapt to the requirements of the information society, and to promote the foundation and prerequisite for the modernization of education. Today in the world, competition in economic and technological strength based on comprehensive national strength is becoming increasingly fierce, and will persist. This competition is largely determined by the quantity and quality of personnel, and talent competition is the essence of education. Education should and strategic objectives and strategic steps of China's economic and social development to adapt in order to provide adequate personnel support to China's socialist modernization. To achieve this goal, we must deepen reform of education, update concepts of education, the reform of educational content and methods, and gradually establish a 21st century economic and social development and modernization needs of the new educational system. Therefore, the fundamental way to the development of education lies in reform of internal impetus for reform, on the one hand from the modern Information technology penetration and applications in the field of education, greatly changed the technical means and methods of education; on the other hand is an urgent request from the social and economic development in which the full use of information technology in the field of education as the core of education information into a push. reform and development of education provided favorable timing and conditions. Development of the information society is not only the number of talent, more important is the quality of talent put forward higher requirements, "the information society needs new talent should be to have a comprehensive and solid cultural foundation (especially information aspects of culture basis), can continue to self-update their knowledge structure, working in cooperation with the people, creative and resilience and has a high moral quality of the new generation. In order to be able to adapt to the rapid pace of development of the information society, human resources information society must have a strong information ability to access, information analysis and information processing. "Therefore," the information knowledge and ability is the 21st century with new personnel must have the knowledge and ability and quality structure. "The basic range of educational information and national information technology, information society, economy different information, enterprise information technology, the concept of agricultural information. First, the education of information technology as the industry of information technology, the information is limited to the field of education; secondly, education information is the whole education industry, information technology, its construction, resource development and application will inevitably involve educational environment, educational content all aspects of management education in the field of education. Third, education, information technology as an important component of the national information technology, its construction and development must be in the overall national construction guidelines were, should also deal with relationships with other industry information. Therefore, we need to define the scope of information technology in education, but also to avoid in isolation of educational information, clear that, for educational research and application of information technology has important significance. With a basic level of information technology development and popularization of information technology education is also showing different stages of development and application layers. First, the application of information technology in the field of education to points, education, information technology can be divided into family education information, school information technology education and social education information into three levels, in the current school-centered education system, first of all realize information will be schooling. Followed by family education, and finally the information society as a whole education. From the development of information technology in education to points, education, information technology can be divided into educational media information, education industry information and education industry information three levels. Educational Media information refers to educational media products contain all kinds of information is increasing the proportion of the material to reduce the proportion of growing, products are increasingly moving to the information characteristics of the product by the material characteristics of the product, the product has a more powerful information processing functions. Education industry information technology means all types of educational media is widely used in advanced information technology, the formation of educational media industry chain. Education industry information is meant to include educational concept, educational facilities, educational content, teaching methods and educational principles, etc., the whole field of education and information technology. In these three levels, educational media information is the basis of the information education sector, the education industry information is the upgrading of educational media information, education industry, information technology is the inevitable result of educational media and information technology education information industry development. From the contents of educational information divide, education, information technology can be divided into information technology education facilities, education resources information and education management information into three levels, at these three levels, education is the foundation of information technology facilities, education resources information is the core, education management information is protected. Basics information network information network is an important part of education, information technology, but also the realization of educational information material foundation and prerequisite. At present, China has built and enabled the China Education and Research Network (CERNET), China's satellite broadband network distance education, primary and secondary schools is being implemented, "School Link" project, the university "Digital Campus" project, the construction of Distance Education, as well as applies to ordinary school teaching classrooms, multimedia integrated classrooms, computer rooms, mini classroom, CAI classrooms, network classrooms, language labs, electronic reading room, closed-circuit television systems are information technology education information network infrastructure the important content. The construction of these infrastructures both laid the foundation for the country's education information technology, but also to create the conditions for the implementation of information technology education. Educational Resources Information Resources is a variety of information resources for education and teaching process. Its development and use of information technology in education is the core of the relationship is the key to the success of information technology education. Educational information resources can be divided into educational information carrier core educational software resources and to pipe - two types of education management information resource management information system for basic data-centric. Where educational software resources including multimedia material, various types of CAI courseware, online courses based multimedia educational information resources, bibliographic information access and retrieval services based Information Resources Library to produce educational information resources, analysis, processing, transmission and use of various tools based resources, and a broad array of Inter-net resources; education and management of information resources mainly refers to the implementation of modern education management established with educators, educational content, educational subjects, educational resources and Its support services system various databases and other resources as the main content. Educational applications of information technology application of information technology is the fundamental starting point education, information technology and direct purpose. Once you have the information network and information resources of these basic conditions, education and application of information technology has become the protagonist of educational information, we can say, benefits education, information technology is mainly reflected in the application of this part. Mainly in information technology applications should do four things: First, do a good job building a latent member closely associated with ideology and theory, method, which determines the direction of the application of information technology education, is directly related to the quality and effectiveness of IT in Education ; the second is the establishment of local education, information technology and environment, education and educational content objects adapt information technology education model; Third, we must improve the basic skills of people interested and application of information technology; four is to carry out information technology and curriculum at different levels integration of theory and practice, and educational applications of information technology as a school principal task. IT and industry "Information technology is the system for information collection, processing, storage, communication, application of means and methods of its meaning has two aspects: (1) That means a variety of information media, such as print media , electronic media, computer networks, is a materialization of technology. (2) method. That is the use of information media for a variety of information gathering, processing, storage, communication, application of the method is an intelligent form of technology. IT is the approach by the information media and information media applications composed of two elements. "core information technology is digital, information transmission network information. Information technology is a pillar of educational information technology, information technology in education is the driving force. Information technology to carry out research in the education process of information may not only enrich the content of information technology in education research, more importantly, new and more efficient physical state of the technology and intelligent forms of information technology can be applied to education, the increase in information technology quality and effectiveness of education. IT industry mainly refers to IT equipment manufacturing and information technology services. Since the development of information technology equipment manufacturing industry requires strong technology and capital backing, therefore, in the process of China's information technology education in the development of the information technology industry by different sectors of society division of labor to complete. Where education information technology products manufacturing should mobilize education system, to participate in scientific research institutes and related enterprises and other sectors highly complementary to the education system free from development of educational information technology products in order to concentrate on education development and use of information resources based services. Information technology professionals of education information, personnel should take the lead. In order to realize information technology education, we need to train a lot to master the basics of information technology, with information technology capacity for information technology professionals. As information technology, education information technology professionals in an industry has two meanings: one is through knowledge-based education information technology professionals, which is all the personnel engaged in education, teaching, management and other services in the field of education is concerned, is the the common requirements of all personnel in the field of information technology knowledge, capacity and quality; second is a professional information technology education personnel, mainly refers to the physical state specializing in information technology education and intelligent form of technology research and development, education, information technology, education information application and maintenance expertise. In general, knowledge-based education through information technology personnel requirements that should have the basic ability to access, analyze and process information, and a higher professional education on information technology personnel requirements, division of labor is more detailed, can be high-level software talents , network engineers and other technical professionals or microelectronics. Further, as an important base for information technology personnel training of colleges and universities, on the one hand to be concerned about the education industry, information technology, knowledge-based culture through information technology education and professional type of educational information personnel for the education of information technology; on the other hand have to take train information technology professionals task for the whole community. Information technology policies, regulations and standards of education information is a systematic project, the state government and relevant departments have to develop information resources for education, a series of policies in all aspects of education information network construction, education, information technology, education, information technology and other industries , regulations and standards, promote the establishment of a comprehensive information technology policy, regulatory environment and standards to regulate and coordinate the relationship between the elements, which is both healthy development of educational information important conditions and guarantees, also for education the basis of information and blueprints. The only way to make all levels of government, education, information technology various units and departments of standardization, orderliness, but also to promote health education information and smooth development. Information technology education policy planning is a systematic project, both the party and the country needs and education department to develop a series of policies to promote information technology in education, but also need to develop information technology in education, the long-term development plan. In recent years, the state has issued a series of educational information to promote policies and measures, or in the relevant documents on information technology education put forward a clear requirement that involve a modern distance education, information technology education in primary and secondary schools, primary and secondary schools. " School Link "project, education, information technology development program, education, information technology standards, the Western Modern Distance Education Project and the Ministry of Education in Modern Distance Education Assistance Demonstration Project, Western University campus computer network construction, teacher education, information technology, university Modern Distance Education Project, Network Education School, Modern Distance Education Learning Centers (point) management, software college education in all aspects of information technology. In terms of planning information technology in education, in the 2000s, the Chinese information technology education from the three levels of the overall plan to promote: the first level is the popularity of information technology in primary and secondary education; the second level is the popularity of the network and application, so that students learn to make full use of online resources; and the third level is to develop modern distance education. Full implementation of the "School Link" project, with particular focus on supporting and developing information technology infrastructure and personnel training for the Rural Schools. In addition, China has timely development of information technology to promote education guidelines, the main objectives, strategic priorities and major tasks. Development Status United States: government-funded primary and secondary schools access the US Federal Communications Commission recently announced that the Commission will give priority to the nation this year, all primary and secondary schools to achieve the target onto the information superhighway. Ready to come up with $ 2.25 billion for schools, libraries and community purchase equipment and pay for Internet access. Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, William Kennard said, now, the nation's total of 36,000 units made a request to get access equipment and costs, in case of insufficient funds, the government will give priority to the nation for all primary and secondary schools. It is reported that the plan will one million primary and secondary school classrooms equipped with computers and related Internet access. According to the US Department of Education recently issued a report revealed that by the end of 1999, the United States has 95 percent of primary and secondary schools online, average per nine students have an internet computer. Reported that primary and secondary schools in their daily teaching activities, the computer has changed the traditional teaching model school in the past to rely solely on textbooks and blackboards, and gradually formed a book knowledge combined with a variety of social knowledge, teachers teach and students to explore a combination of modern teaching concepts and models, enrich the teaching content, expand educational space. Information Education of implementation status of implementation of the primary stage of information education:: Japan, due to the current Learning Instruction not yet clear content information education, resulting in a large gap between the schools. Some schools from the students' ability to use information, "the viewpoint of unity, the comprehensive information to carry out educational activities; while some schools are stuck in mathematics or Mandarin characters repeated practice exercises provide students simply touching a computer opportunity; a little more in some schools did not even have a computer configuration (statistics in March 1997 was 9.3%). Information on the status of implementation junior secondary education: In junior high, the core message of education is "Technology · family section" in the "information infrastructure" content. The 1996 survey shows that opened this school elective content up to 94%, but in the third year (last year) opened schools accounted for 83%, so, the "information-based" learning outcomes, can not be applied to other disciplines. In addition, the average number of hours only 25 hours, almost all of the equipment used in the operation and use of learning software. Information on the status of implementation of high school education: In high school, many schools through mathematics, computer science subjects started using teaching activities, but not to the extent that the whole school educational programs through expanded. In addition, more general high schools offer career-related business with the department "information processing"; and some schools offer information about the subjects of mathematics, science and other disciplines outside. Further, career disciplines, multi-disciplinary high school general subjects relevant information as the basis of the principle of elective subjects. Italy: Bank lending to help students set computer Italian Prime Minister's Office and the Italian Banking Federation has decided together, will provide interest-free loans this year, third-year students enrolled in high school, so approximately 600,000 students a cheaper price per person to buy one PC. Italian Prime Minister's Office issued the communique said, the registration of students entering high school junior when every school in September 2000, can be escorted by their parents, with proof of enrollment to receive 1.44 million liras in the designated bank (about $ 700) a dedicated check, with checks to buy personal computers at designated stores. The loan is interest-free, sub-24 months to pay off. The statement said that the purpose of this activity is to help young students familiar with computers, so that they can more easily access, the Internet learned more knowledge. Czech Republic: The Czech government decided to campus popularity of the Internet a few days ago, to accelerate the rate of adoption schools to the Internet, allowing each school to enter the Internet. Czech cabinet plenary meeting recently passed a national information network technology to speed up the training program. Planning requirements, by the end of 2001, the various types of schools, colleges and universities have set up computer courses, and the popularity of the Internet. For this reason, in the next five years will be earmarked 7 billion kronor countries (about 36 kroner against the US $ 1) for this program. When the Czech education minister Zeman explained the policies of the background to the press a few days ago said that the Czech IT development started late, the information network technology training seriously lagged behind the development of the entire information lags far behind Western countries. Now, the main issues affecting the development of the network there was a lack of funds, the second is the lack of talent. Now many schools have not yet set up computer courses, but can not afford expensive phone charges and Internet access fees, the majority of teachers do not understand computers. The first aspect of the development trend, in terms of hardware, software, or from the aspect of educational resources point of view, should be from a focus on teaching, attention to management to pay attention to student learning. Former Education Information Management System, or educational resource library, software construction we engage are heavily concentrated in support of teacher management, support teacher teaching, now gradually to support student learning, from teacher to teach students to learn, which is the universal law of our education sector. The second aspect, from the IT (information technology) return to education. Education information industry value chain also gradually move, rather than just stop at the inverted pyramid form. Third, we must build hardware to application-oriented construction of the main aspects of development. The fourth aspect is that education information systems, educational software intelligence to gradually improve. With some decision support, with some inference, reasoning, knowledge reconstruction intelligence decision support system may be further improved. Additional information on the Internet Development Internet (internet): With the demand for computer network technology development and social rise of a new information and communication environment. It should be national defense, scientific research needs originated in the United States, because of the involvement of business on a global scale to promote, is the world's largest computer network, which is composed of large and small around the world a variety of network communication protocol in accordance with uniform composition a global information transmission network. Intranet: Intranet is the use of Internet technology to establish a smaller area of ??the network, which runs on its own high-speed network media, it provides services himself. You can make use of the existing internal network hardware, software and servers, using Internet technology and standards to build their Intra [1] net. The current eight service industry authorities recognized Intranet Included are: Web electronic publishing, directory services, e-mail, security management, wide area network interconnection, file transfer, printing and network management. WWW: World Wide Web for short, also called 3W or the Web, it is a multimedia presentation page on the Internet environment. LAN (local area network): abbreviated LAN, is in the same building, the same school or a radius of a few kilometers away to a private network domain. WAN (wide area network): or said WAN, is a cross-regional network, usually contain a national or provincial. China Education and Research Network: Acronym network CERNET (China Education & Reserch Net) mainly composed of national universities, research institutions, educational institutions connected together. Beijing Education Information Network: teaching units covering all districts and counties of Beijing, offers a variety of optional access methods, providing a shared, real-time information exchange and communication platform to schools, teachers and students. Internet, China Internet, China Education and Research Network, the capital of information technology platform, Beijing Science and Education Information Network high-speed Internet; it is for the city's education system and society, the formation of easy to manage and maintain, secure and open multimedia information network systems; use unified standard domain, enabling Beijing office information transfer education system, release, and share educational information, education resources, construction and retrieval, enabling the campus network interconnection and modern distance education, online education. Backbone: Beijing Education Information Network backbone network using contemporary advanced, mature, reliable, standardized computer technology and high-bandwidth communication lines, the system supports a variety of applications, providing a high-quality information services for the capital's education system broadband multimedia WANs, provide Internet access and information services for all types of schools at all levels in Beijing. In central node as the core backbone network, connecting the city Board of Education functions of the body, mainly subordinate units, universities and high-speed network nodes district center. County area network: the district center node as the core, connecting county Board of Education functions of the body, a network of major subordinate units, consisting of the campus network. Campus Network: refers to information means the campus local area network interconnection operation. Is an integrated application system consists of computer, networking equipment and software like school management and education services, and to achieve long-distance exchange of information and sharing of resources across the WAN interconnection. Modern information technology: the use of modern tools of information for effective processing (storage, retrieval, download, etc.) technology. Modern Distance Education: A new way of education with the development of modern information technology generated, computer technology, multimedia technology, the Internet and other communication technology and international high-tech as the main teaching methods, teaching across time and space. Distance Learning Site: with computer terminals, electronic whiteboards, audio and video input and output devices and other conditions, communication with Beijing education information network, and to achieve real-time two-way interactive teaching points Teaching. Education Management Information System (EmlS): Education application management software, with school management, personnel management functions, teaching management, security management, property management. Via a common interface so that schools, districts and counties, the City Board of Education to manage the flow of information, exchange, constitute a unified, standardized school management network system, and gradually establish and improve school management infrastructure database and repository. Courseware: also known as CAI courseware, it refers to the teaching needs of the design of computer software to help students learn. Multimedia: the use of multimedia technology assisted teaching software. Share: common have the same rights to access network information resources through the network technology to achieve process similar personnel. IT Education: A master of computer information processing technology knowledge and skills as the main objective of the course of education or training. Computer-assisted instruction: teaching through the use of personal computers or network terminals provide means or supported environment for learning. Network Teaching Resource Library: easy database users to directly access information from the Internet teaching. Whiteboard: for distance learning, which is a network communication interface, equivalent to the traditional classroom blackboard, the students can be distributed in different locations each classroom to answer questions posed by the teacher, to discuss issues with each other. Teaching graphically explain and filling, convenient, real-time two-way interactive teaching. Electronic enrollment smart lC card: as part of MIS, is an important tool for the application of MIS. The reason that the electronic school, because a complete student information stored in the card's read-only memory and enrollment management database server. Smart IC card refers to itself with a central processor, you can achieve a variety of intelligent operation. Website: www.ctvhd.cn Tel: 13823196904 QQ: 2537602872