Jujube breeding techniques

In recent years, due to good sales jujube, easy to plant and easy management, drought, floods, poor soil, salt, suitable for planting most of the country, less investment, high efficiency, has become the first choice for the majority of growers species. Therefore, the development of jujube seedlings, will have a good market space. Now ten years of jujube breeding technology and experience described below: First, stock options. Currently in jujube seedlings, the main use of rootstocks have this anvil, jujube anvil two kinds. 1, the rootstock seedling root suckers. That ring around the jujube dig deep 40 cm, 30 cm wide trench, backfill mellow, after stimulation jujube tree root pruning shoots grow to form root suckers seedlings, wait long to 30 cm, can be grafted into seed date Miao. 2, jujube seedling rootstock. The law gained a lot of rootstock seedlings, and saving time and labor. The method is: full of wild jujube collect mature seed, after peeling treatment winter Tibetan sand to early April the following year, kind of nuclear split, the majority of the exposed white radicle seeds can be planted. To facilitate grafting, planting in the nursery plots Shizujifei, Qikuan whole into a 1.6 meters, according to the line 40 cm wide, 20 cm narrow row spacing trenching, watering sow repression, to be at 5 cm height Press spacing 15-20 cm Dingmiao, and clear the weeds, then it is grafted seedlings in summer and autumn when up to 30 cm. Second, the seedlings grafted 1, select varieties. Before grafting, should choose good jujube varieties. In recent years, such as large jujube close planting dwarf model, it has become a modern intensive cultivation and management of new technologies. It has changed the original date tree growth and development, the big crown changed little high close planting density cultivation intensive cultivation. Realized that the planting fruiting year, 2-year yield, after three years of good economic high and stable, reflecting the superiority of jujube cultivation dwarf. Now I will introduce jujube seedlings during planting dwarf close attention to several issues: 1, species selection. Jujube seedlings dwarfing cultivation short time from planting to production, should be fully taken into account in the selection of varieties, in conjunction with the actual situation in the region climate select precocious strong, stable yield performance, buy high-quality fruit and adaptable jujube . 2, the number of close planting. Changes in the past 110 to 220 per acre, close planting conditions can be planted 333, which is two meters spacing, 1.5 spacing or one meter distance, only dwarf close to full use of light and fertility, ease of management, in order to achieve early knot High Yield. Jujube tree usually small crown dry or dry hierarchical form, there is also the culture results directly from dry Zhizu spindle. 3, long suppressed promote fruit and reasonable negative plant. Jujube in the first two years long article attacking the tree, based on the third year in high fertilizer conditions, using the opening angle, topping the first date and other measures to weaken its growth potential, so as soon as possible steering vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and at the end of June 2000 × 10-6 ratio spray a long time, control shoot length, promote fruit weight gain. For the tree reasonable load, and the results were too close jujube hanging manual thinning, so that each student 2--6 months jujube jujube hanging (suspended due to large Xuezao date expertise, the longest up to 80 cm) . 4, pay attention to rejuvenation. Should jujube close planting dwarf varieties are spur-type varieties, poor management, jujube easier to premature aging. For these reasons, some trees after flowering tree into the flourishing ceiling, special attention must be timely renewal pruning, fertilizer and water management to ensure the nutrition and water supply. Trim to adjust to the attention of vigor it balanced, to keep the center of the growth advantage of dry, aging, make prolong the economic life of the tree. Xuezao, brittle jujube, jujube, jujube, Watkins jujube, jujube and other Zanhuang. Bonsai, the choice of asparagus jujube, fetal red dates, date string, willow jujube, jujube tea and other rare species. 2, grafting methods. If then incubated grafted rootstock year, in summer and autumn anvil height 30 cm, thick as chopsticks fine head size can be carried out. Select plump buds robust growth first date or secondary branches high jujube varieties do scion, the anvil oblique cut at 20 cm height and lower notches of the longitudinal draw knife, depth of the xylem, then the next bud back 0.5 cm Raked 3 cm at lower and lower sides bud slightly slashing the skin, retention phloem, the notches at the lower left hand touch rootstock, holding his right hand under the bud is inserted until the buds, after anvil oblique notches symmetrical, with a width of 2 cm film strip wrap from the bottom to the top notches shoot, only to reveal buds. This method is called "; the corresponding double bevel grafting"; the survival rate up to 98%. Grafting as the year is not available in the spring of the second year of the rootstock seedlings indoors all scratched, use "; double tongue grafting"; after re plummeted by a certain spacing within the nursery. This method is consistent neatly seedlings, seedling rate acres. Third, seedling management. Grafting be grafted site after the wound is completely healed, with a blade in the graft site longitudinal draw knife, cut film strips, to prevent constriction injury of seedlings. At the same time, spraying pyrethroid pesticides kill pests. In the rainy season were spraying Bordeaux mixture, 50% carbendazim 800 times, 50% Captan 500 times, and used interchangeably. Meanwhile, in the spray of carbendazim, captan and other pesticides, insecticides can be mixed suitably. Fourth, the seedling nursery. Autumn leaves after the south, can play a Zaomiao planting, north can be planted in the spring as well. Lifter, to protect the roots and with starting with the plant, or the seedling roots covered with mud protection. Such as long-distance transport of seedlings, available plastic tie Yan roots, but also the roots of the seedlings in the heel in fresh sand. Before planting, seedlings should cut the upper part of the shoot, we can retain the trunk 50-70 cm.