Pond water quality monitoring equipment and oxygen machine

Key performance indicators are defined as oxygen aerator capacity and power efficiency. Aerobic capacity refers to an hour on the water aerator to increase the amount of oxygen in units of kg / h; power efficiency refers to an aerator 1 kWh of electricity consumed oxygen to water quantity, the unit is kg / kWh . Waterwheel aerator as 1.5 kilowatts, the power efficiency of 1.7 kg / kWh of electricity consumption, said the aircraft, to increase 1.7 kg of oxygen into the water body. Edit this section is mainly determined shrimp farms Configuration amount aerator in water conditions, stocking density, total energy intake and drainage and so on. Water is abundant water status, whether the water quality remains good; if the water quality is good, could be considered less equipped, otherwise more with just changing the water in the water quality is good when much. Stocking density that is more with high yield, low is less equipped. The total energy consumption into the drainage situation if the drainage into less energy consumption, less equipped aerator can be considered; greater energy consumption, the amount should be larger configuration. Economic analysis considers electricity, the relative ratio of shrimp prices, such as the local electricity price is relatively high and the shrimp is relatively low, with little consideration; on the contrary is more equipped. [1] China is the largest producer of the world's fisheries, fisheries production in the past two decades has been among the countries in the world, domestic fisheries accounted for 10% of GDP national agricultural output [1]. In recent years, China has gradually aquaculture to high density, intensive direction, aquaculture production increased year by year, which is the progressive realization of the aquaculture industry mechanization, especially the widespread use of aerators are inextricably linked. We can say that the aerator is essential for China to achieve modernization of basic fishing equipment. Edit this paragraph aerator is a role through the motor or diesel driven power source, such as working parts, the air in the "oxygen" to move quickly to aquaculture water equipment [1], it can be comprehensive utilization of physical, chemical and biological function, not only can solve the problem of fish ponds in the floating head because of lack of oxygen to produce, and can eliminate harmful gases, and promote the exchange of water convection, improve water quality, reduce feed coefficient, improve pond activity and primary productivity, which can increase the stocking density increased feeding intensity farming objects, to promote growth, so that yield substantial increase farming income sufficient to achieve the purpose of [2,3,4]. Edit this paragraph principles although aerator used in aquaculture production more widely, but there is still some fisheries practitioners do not understand how it works, types and functions, the performance of blind and randomness in practice. Here it is necessary to understand how it works, so that in practice only to master its use. As we all know, the purpose is to use the aerator water increases dissolved oxygen, which involves issues of solubility and dissolution rate of oxygen. Solubility include water temperature, water salinity, oxygen partial pressure of 3 factors; dissolution rate include the degree of unsaturation of dissolved oxygen, water - and gas contact area mode, the water, the movement of three factors. Wherein the water temperature and salinity of the water is a stable condition of the water body, generally can not be changed, the degree of unsaturation of dissolved oxygen is we want to change the factors, a condition currently exists is water. Therefore, to achieve the necessary oxygen to water directly or indirectly change the oxygen partial pressure, the water contact area and stretch way, the water, the movement of three factors. In view of this situation, the measures taken during the design aerators are: 1) the use of mechanical agitation parts water, promote convective exchange and interface updates; 2) water dispersed into tiny droplets sprayed into the gas phase, increasing the stretch of water contact area; 3) by negative pressure suction, so that the dispersion of gas microbubbles, pressed into the water. Various types of aerators are designed and manufactured in accordance with these principles, they either take measures to promote a dissolved oxygen, or take two and two or more measures [4]. Edit the type and scope of this paragraph applies design and production of the above mechanism aerator product type more, its features and works vary, oxygen effects vary greatly, the scope is not the same, producers can Depending on the needs of farming systems for dissolved oxygen, and choose the right aerator for good economic performance [2]. Impeller aerator has aerobics, stir the combined effects of water, gas explosion, is currently the most used aerator, the annual output of about 150,000 units, their aerobic capacity, power efficiency is superior to other models, but running noisy, generally used for depth of 1 m above the large area of ??the pond [1]. Paddlewheel aerator has good aeration and promote the effect of water flow for deep mud, area l 000 ~ 2 540 square meters of ponds jet aerator its power efficiency over paddlewheel aerator, inflatable type, and other forms of water-jet aerator, its simple structure, can form water, stir the water body. Jet aerator allows water aerobics gently, do not damage the fish, the fish pond aerator for use [8]. Water aerator has a good aerobic function, can rapidly increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in surface water in a short time, as well as art viewing for aquarium use garden or tourist areas. The deeper the water inflatable aerator better, suitable for deepwater water use. Aerator by vacuum suction to inhale air into water and mixed with water to form a vortex water forward, thus mixing strong. Its lower aerobic capacity than water impeller aerator strong, upper water aerobics less able to impeller aerator [4]. Eddy aerator: northern ice water body is mainly used for aerobics, high aeration efficiency [4]. Oxygen pump its lightweight, easy to operate and a single oxygen function, it is generally suitable depth of 0.7 meters, with an area of ??0.6 acres or less greenhouse farming fish breeding ponds or pools use [5]. With the increasing demand for fisheries continue to refine and aerator technology, there have been many new aerator, such as: Chung aerator spray, spray aerator [9] and other specifications of oxygen machine. Edit this paragraph with the principle of matching aerator is necessary to fully meet the normal growth of the dissolved oxygen fish need to effectively prevent hypoxic dead fish and water quality deterioration reduced feed efficiency and growth rate of fish, trigger fish phenomenon occur, but also to minimize operating costs savings. Therefore, the choice should be based on the pond aerator depth, different pond area, farming yields, aerator efficiency and running costs into account. It has been determined: total oxygen consumption per kg of fish per hour is about 1.0 g. Where: Oxygen life activities about 0.15 g; decomposition of ozone-depleting food digestion and excretion of about 0.85 g. L0 acres in the area of ??fine aquarium, for example, is equipped with aerators in Table 1 [2]. Table 110 acre pond aerator with different tables farming raising yields Edit this paragraph the proper use of scientific fish today, many fish farmers use the pond aerators lack of scientific, directly affect the results aerator. Rational use of aerators can effectively increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, pond water accelerated material circulation, eliminate harmful substances, promote plankton. Also can prevent and mitigate fish floating head, to prevent the pan pools and ponds to improve water quality conditions, increased food intake and increase fish yield per unit area. So here aerator explain matters to note correct use. How to determine the type of load load is generally considered to determine the depth, area and pool shape. Rectangular pool with paddlewheel best, square or circular pool with impeller as well; impeller aerator per kilowatt power to meet the basic 3.8 acres of water into the fish pond aeration needs, 4.5 acres of fish ponds should consider assembling more than two aerator. Aerator installation location should be installed in a central pond or partial upwind position. Generally more than 5 m away from the pool dike and anchored with a plunger or fixed. Install impeller aerator aerator should ensure the flow generated at work will not stir up the bottom mud. Also, pay attention to safety when installing electricity, do the safe use of protective measures, and regular checks and maintenance. Boot time and run-time aerator must be run in a safe situation, combined with the density of fish stocked pond, working principle of the growing season, the pond water conditions, weather changes, and aerator, the main role, increasing Oxygen performance aerator load and other factors to determine the running time to do work without wasting [5]. Correctly grasp the boot time, the need to achieve "six open three not open." That is, the "six open": Afternoon boot a) sunny day; 2) The next morning when cloudy boot; 3) rainy night when the boot; 4) when the next storm ShangBanYe boot; 5) in a timely manner when the temperature difference between the boot [7] ; 6) at any time under special circumstances boot. "Three is not open": not boot a) in the morning after sunrise; 2) in the evening does not boot; 3) rainy days during the day does not start. In the event of a sudden change in weather or due to other causes water oily fish and more fish floating head, boot time can be flexible, to prevent the occurrence of floating head or pan pond. Regular maintenance in order to secure a job, must be regularly inspected by the aerator. Motor, gear box, the impeller, the float should overhaul of the washout has been erosion of the junction box, should be replaced, while the parts after maintenance should be placed in ventilated, dry place, and then loaded into the machine when you need to use [10]. Edit this paragraph problems in recent years, the situation continued development of the aquaculture industry, a large number of new enterprises to join the ranks of aerator production, resulting in the overall quality of domestic products fell aerator. Here, during 1996-2005, the AQSIQ has worked seven times to Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other provinces and cities in dozens of companies with quality aerator checks. Its product sample pass rate showed a declining trend. Aerator performance of the merits, will directly affect the aquaculture production, cost, if there is a security risk, will result in loss of life and property to the fishermen. Twenty years, although greatly improved product aerators on the main performance and quality, but compared with other countries and Taiwan Province of China products in the production process, product reliability and appearance quality, especially the aspect of plastic there is still a wide gap. At the same time, due to a variety of reasons to develop new products in recent years is not ideal. China is fishing aerator production and use of most countries, but exports are few. With the accelerated pace of China's opening up, foreign aeration, aeration equipment, the company began to enter the Chinese market. This is China's aerator production enterprises, both pressure and challenges. How to adapt to the fierce market competition, improve product quality is the fundamental [12], for the current situation, especially the following recommendations based on: First, the government should develop appropriate policies to protect the interests of farmers, to increase awareness of corporate responsibility, strengthening the industry, regulate the market, encourage enterprises to increase investment in science and technology and technological innovation, so aerators have a larger increase in the variety of specifications, technical indicators, the intrinsic quality, appearance, etc; secondly, guided by the government, enterprises should aerator production technology, product reliability and appearance quality, especially the aspect of a great effort under the plastic, and strive to make technology content and overall cost Chinese aerator has international competitive advantage, increase export efforts; and to encourage and support the aerator production companies to develop new products, such as the development of oxygen with timing, automatic protection control, intelligent control systems, such as aerators, reduce fishermen heavy manual labor, to play the actual performance aerator reliability of its work, timely mediation water quality, reduce electricity costs and improve economic efficiency fishermen. Through years of efforts, China's oxygen machine manufacturer can gain a foothold in the international competition. Edit this paragraph four principles ⑴ sunny noon start the aerator 1 to 2 hours, give full play to the role of mixing water aerator to increase water dissolved oxygen, and accelerate the pond material circulation, improve water quality, reduce the occurrence of floating head. Must be taken to avoid sunny evening boot, will advance down the water layer convection, the water layer increases oxygen consumption and oxygen consumption, prone to fish floating head. ⑵ rainy days, phytoplankton photosynthesis weak, inadequate water dissolved oxygen, can lead to floating head. At this point you must give full play to the role of mechanical aeration aerator in the night early start oxygen, dissolved oxygen directly improve the water situation, to prevent fish floating head and rescue purposes. Avoid midday boot rainy days, when turned on, will not be able to enhance the lower dissolved oxygen in the water, and increased oxygen consumption of the pond, can easily cause fish floating head. ⑶ summer season, daytime high temperature, a large amount of biological activity, oxygen consumption and more power-dawn generally appropriate, increase dissolved oxygen. If floating head when omen, emergency boot, can not shut down until after sunrise, when there is no fish in the water can be shut down. ⑷ When a large number of fertilization, when the water too fat to adopt sunny afternoon and early morning boot boot combination of methods to improve the water dissolved oxygen conditions prevent floating head. Use of aerators, in addition to the above the weather, water temperature, water quality related to outside, the fish should be combined with the specific circumstances, according to the water dissolved oxygen variation, flexibility and uptime boot method, in order to achieve a reasonable use, increase efficiency purposes . In short, using the principle of aerator: open sunny noon, cloudy early in the morning, rain fell across the opening at midnight, do not open in the evening, cloudy day does not open, floating head start early; hot air boot for a long time, the weather was cool and the boot time is short, midnight long boot time, noon start time is short, the load area is big boot for a long time, the small size of the boot load short time, to ensure timely oxygen.